飼料營養(yǎng)和飼養(yǎng)管理對母豬的影響
———第五屆李曼中國養(yǎng)豬大會“養(yǎng)豬營養(yǎng)”專題側記
《豬業(yè)健康導刊》甄云肖《獸醫(yī)導刊》朱雪松 報道
母豬營養(yǎng)和飼養(yǎng)管理
《豬業(yè)健康導刊》甄云肖《獸醫(yī)導刊》朱雪松 報道
美國迦太基公司勞拉·格瑞納作報告
美國迦太基公司勞拉·格瑞納在會上討論的主要內容包括后備豬的培育、哺乳期母豬的飼養(yǎng)、新斷奶母豬的管理。
她認為，后備豬的培育應該做到以下幾點：一是精心護理；二是定期免疫；三是提供全飼料營養(yǎng)，每天提供3.2kg；四是體重達到136kg進行配種；五是維生素、微量元素混合物；六是豬群不要過度擁擠；七是圍欄中留充足料槽和飲水空間，八是執(zhí)行階段喂養(yǎng)方案和骨骼發(fā)育。同時還介紹了母豬孕期喂養(yǎng)方案和母豬孕期進食目標。
她還指出，母豬懷孕初期，雖然外部體況相似，但是內部差異很大。因此，懷孕母豬的身體狀況非常重要。過量飼喂的母豬，乳腺脂肪堆積限制奶水的分泌能力，使哺乳期食欲不佳，哺乳期體重下降，使肩部疼痛，斷奶后飼料消耗增加。因此，良好的哺乳喂飼開始于孕期，制表記錄孕期每頭母豬的日采食量，哺乳期，每頭母豬的日采食量，觀察趨勢以監(jiān)控孕期喂飼，并對每頭母豬體況每30天做出調整。
一般哺乳期營養(yǎng)：夏季調整哺乳期飲食，提升養(yǎng)分濃度，考慮更高脂肪補充，附加產品以提升進食量。
TID賴氨酸的影響：通過了解每天攝取需求，飼料可以使用每日采食量和TID賴氨酸百分比配方，值得注意的是：不要群體平均采食量喂飼豬群，不同胎次需要不同數(shù)量的飼料，胎母豬每天會比年長母豬每日至少少吃0.5kg，計算可消化賴氨酸需求時要考慮這個減少量。
哺乳期一般的做法：讓母豬站立；記錄每日采食量，快速發(fā)現(xiàn)不采食的母豬；飼料中加水，每天增加0.23kg飼料，但是要注意腐敗飼料；調味劑可以幫助進食；根據(jù)溫度狀況作出調整。
斷奶后飼喂方案：母豬需要全喂飼，斷奶后早期母豬每日可以攝取超過5.45kg，水量不限，如果可能，飲水最與飼料槽分開。
斷奶后采食的影響：母豬在哺乳室并每天同一時間被移動；斷奶時哺乳期飼料沒有記錄。
總之，成功的母豬繁育表現(xiàn)可通過以下方法達到：良好的體況；平衡的營養(yǎng)方案；了解哺乳期喂飼情況使采食量最優(yōu)化；補充營養(yǎng)以延長母豬壽命。
斷奶仔豬的營養(yǎng)和管理要點
《豬業(yè)健康導刊》甄云肖《獸醫(yī)導刊》朱雪松報道
美國新時尚養(yǎng)豬公司凱爾·科布爾博士作報告
美國新時尚養(yǎng)豬公司凱爾·科布爾博士首先介紹了新時尚養(yǎng)豬體系。他認為，現(xiàn)在的豬在開始更難飼養(yǎng)，主要原因是斷奶日齡，運輸過程中出現(xiàn)脫水，免疫程序，健康方面尤其是流感，基因選擇，飼料中去除動物蛋白；環(huán)境。
改善衛(wèi)生的管理技術：要努力區(qū)分最年幼和最小的豬，使用Rotecna公司的弱仔專用料槽，斷奶后墊上撒料是有好處的。
同時，他還介紹了乳糖水平、日糧鈣水平、SID賴氨酸和色氨酸、對保育性能的影響。乳糖水平對保育性能的影響：結晶乳糖是仔豬高度可消化的碳水化合物來源。日糧鈣水平對保育豬生長的影響：鈣相對便宜，對代謝功能、骨發(fā)育等重要，石灰石是主要來源，但日糧中的其他組份也有谷物、植酸酶釋放、維生素與礦物質預混料、治療藥物，不正確的營養(yǎng)負荷，或沒有考慮超出部分鈣，會影響生長性能。
最后，他強調指出，理解斷奶日齡的差異和知識由此地帶來的生產成績差異，不總是飼料的過錯。
育肥豬的飼料管理
《豬業(yè)健康導刊》甄云肖《獸醫(yī)導刊》朱雪松報道
美國明尼蘇達大學動物科技學院佩德羅·烏瑞奧拉作報告
美國明尼蘇達大學動物科技學院佩德羅·烏瑞奧拉在會上介紹了育肥豬的營養(yǎng)目標：供給豬最佳數(shù)量的營養(yǎng)；豬的營養(yǎng)需求是動態(tài)的，要隨著年齡、性別和生產環(huán)境發(fā)生變化做出適當?shù)恼{整；做好階段飼喂、分性別飼養(yǎng)。
他認為，影響飼料轉化率的因素有動物和環(huán)境兩個方面。動物方面：年齡、性別、基因、健康；環(huán)境方面：溫度、料槽和飲水器、飼料形狀。這些因素都會影響飼料的轉化率。
同時，還介紹了日糧評估的分類系統(tǒng)，氨基酸、蛋白、脂類、礦物質鈣和磷對養(yǎng)豬生產的影響。并比較了閻公豬、小母豬和公豬的生理區(qū)別：閻公豬每天多采食5%-15%，比小母豬快8%-10%；小母豬比閻公豬瘦，每天比閻公豬少采食5%-15%，因此需要更高濃度的日糧；公豬最大瘦肉增重，生長很快，需要最高濃度的日糧。最后指出，日糧的顆粒大小對豬的生產效率和健康的影響。
The English version
The influence of feed nutrition and feeding management of sows
- the fifth le mans sidelights China pig pig nutrition "projects
The pig industry health guide ZhenYunXiao the veterinary guide zhuxuesong
The sow nutrition and breeding management
The pig industry health guide ZhenYunXiao the veterinary guide xue-song zhu
Carthage companies in the United States Laura Greg report
Laura Greg Carthage companies in the United States, the main content of the discussion at the meeting include backup pig breeding, lactation sow breeding, the management of the newly weaned pigs.
Reserve, she thinks, pig breeding should do the following: first, elaborate care; The second is regularly immune; Three is to provide total feed nutrition, every day to provide 3.2 kg; Four is breeding weight to 136 kg; Fifth, vitamin, trace element mixture; Six is pigs don't overcrowded; Seven is in the fence to keep sufficient discharge chute and water space, eight is execution phase feeding scheme and bone. Sow feed solution during pregnancy is also introduced and sow eating target during pregnancy.
She also points out that sows in early pregnancy, although similar external body condition, but the internal difference is very big. As a result, the body of a pregnant sows status is very important. Excessive feeding pigs, breast fat accumulation with limited capacity for the secretion of milk, make the lactation poor appetite, lactation weight loss, make the shoulder pain, after weaning feed consumption increase. Therefore, good lactation feeding started in pregnancy, tabulating recording every sows daily feed intake during pregnancy and lactation, daily feed intake, each of which sows, observed trends to monitor feeding during pregnancy, and for each sow body condition to adjust every 30 days.
General nursing nutrition: summer adjustment lactation diets, improve nutrient concentrations, consider higher fat supplement, additional product to enhance the food intake.
Dar lysine: through understanding daily intake requirements, can use daily feed intake and dar lysine percentage formula, it is worth noting: don't group average feed intake feeding pigs, different times require different amount of feed, tire sows than older sow daily every day at least eat less 0.5 kg, calculated digestible lysine needs to consider the reduction.
Lactation general practice: let the sow stand; Record the daily feed intake, feed quickly found not sow; Feed water, daily increase 0.23 kg of feed, but should pay attention to corruption in feed; Seasoning can help eating; According to the temperature condition to adjust.
After weaning feeding scheme: the sow needs full feeding, early weaned sows can absorb more than 5.45 kg per day, unlimited water, if possible, drink the most separated from trough.
Effects of feed intake after weaning sows in lactation rooms and at the same time every day to be mobile; Weaning lactation feed no record.
In short, the success of the sow breeding performance can be achieved through the following methods: good body condition; Balanced nutrition; Understand the lactation feeding situation optimize feed intake; Supplements to extend the service life of the sow.
Nutrition and management points of weaned piglets
The pig industry health guide ZhenYunXiao the veterinary guide xue-song zhu
The new fashion pig company kyle cobb Dr. Report
The new fashion pig company kyle cobb Dr. New fashion pig system are introduced in the first place. Pigs in now, he thought, more difficult to raise, the main reason is that weaning age, dehydration, appeared in the process of transportation immunization program, health especially flu, genetic selection, get rid of animal protein feed; The environment.
Improve health management technology: to distinguish the youngest and smallest pig, use Rotecna company's weak young special chute, after weaning mat material is good.
The pig feed management
The pig industry health guide ZhenYunXiao the veterinary guide xue-song zhu
The American college of animal science and technology at the university of Minnesota pedro wu rui ora report
At the same time, also introduced the diet assessment system of classification, amino acids, proteins, lipids, minerals, calcium and phosphorus in pig production. And compare the yan boar, gilt and physiological difference: feed yan boars every day more than 5% - 5%, faster than gilts 8% to 10%. Gilt thinner than yan boars, feed intake by 5% - 5% less than a day yan boars, therefore need higher concentration of diet; Boar maximum lean weight, grow quickly, need the highest concentration of the diet. Finally pointed out that the diet of the particle size of pig production efficiency and health effects.
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